Regulation of autophagy；RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway

Further analysis revealed that STAT3 and ATG12 are targets of miR-454-3p, initiate HOTAIR deficiency-induced apoptosis and reduce autophagy.

Knockdown of long non-coding RNA HOTAIR increases miR-454-3p by targeting Stat3 and Atg12 to inhibit chondrosarcoma growth

Cell cycle；p53 signaling pathway；Endometrial cancer；Melanoma；Thyroid cancer；PI3K-Akt signaling pathway；Pancreatic cancer；Wnt signaling pathway；Hippo signaling pathway；Prostate cancer；Acute myeloid leukemia；Focal adhesion；Viral myocarditis；Viral carcinogenesis；Colorectal cancer；Jak-STAT signaling pathway；Hepatitis B；Measles；Proteoglycans in cancer；Bladder cancer；Non-small cell lung cancer；HTLV-I infection；Small cell lung cancer；Pathways in cancer；Glioma；Chronic myeloid leukemia

Furthermore, HOTAIR overturned the effect of miR-1 on the proliferation and cell cycle profile in ESCC cells, which involved the derepression of cyclin D1 (CCND1) expression, a target of miR-1.

Long Noncoding RNA HOTAIR Controls Cell Cycle by Functioning as a Competing Endogenous RNA in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Taken together, these results suggest that HOTAIR is a FOXC1-activated driver of malignancy, which acts in part through the repression of miR-1.

HOTAIR, a long non-coding RNA driver of malignancy whose expression is activated by FOXC1, negatively regulates miRNA-1 in hepatocellular carcinoma

Pathways in cancer；ErbB signaling pathway；Calcium signaling pathway；HIF-1 signaling pathway；Focal adhesion；Adherens junction；Proteoglycans in cancer；Non-small cell lung cancer；Pancreatic cancer；Endometrial cancer；Prostate cancer；Bladder cancer

In particular, HOTAIR may act as a ceRNA, effectively becoming a sink for miR-331-3p, thereby modulating the derepression of HER2 and imposing an additional level of post-transcriptional regulation.

Lnc RNA HOTAIR functions as a competing endogenous RNA to regulate HER2 expression by sponging miR-331-3p in gastric cancer

Herpes simplex infection；Endocytosis； Phagosome；Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs)；Antigen processing and presentation；Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity；Type I diabetes mellitus；HTLV-I infection；Graft-versus-host disease；Epstein-Barr virus infection； Viral myocarditis；Viral carcinogenesis；Autoimmune thyroid disease；Allograft rejection

Moreover, HOTAIR modulated human leucocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) expression by competitively binding miR-148a.

Long non-coding RNA HOTAIR modulates HLA-G expression by absorbing miR-148a in human cervical cancer

B cell receptor signaling pathway；HIF-1 signaling pathway；ErbB signaling pathway；Chemokine signaling pathway；Melanoma；Pancreatic cancer；Jak-STAT signaling pathway；Chronic myeloid leukemia；Estrogen signaling pathway；Carbohydrate digestion and absorption；Leukocyte transendothelial migration；Phosphatidylinositol signaling system；Hepatitis C；Pathways in cancer；T cell receptor signaling pathway； Progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation；Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis)；Epstein-Barr virus infection；Bacterial invasion of epithelial cells；mTOR signaling pathway；PI3K-Akt signaling pathway；Apoptosis；Regulation of actin cytoskeleton；Non-small cell lung cancer；Insulin signaling pathway；Influenza A；Cholinergic synapse；Endometrial cancer；Aldosterone-regulated sodium reabsorption； Prostate cancer；Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity；Colorectal cancer；Amoebiasis；Viral carcinogenesis； Measles；VEGF signaling pathway；Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis；HTLV-I infection；Small cell lung cancer；Toxoplasmosis；Neurotrophin signaling pathway；Hepatitis B；Glioma；Type II diabetes mellitus；Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway；Renal cell carcinoma；Osteoclast differentiation；Focal adhesion；Acute myeloid leukemia；Proteoglycans in cancer；Toll-like receptor signaling pathway

Furthermore, HOTAIR was shown to directly bind to and inhibit miR-126 expression and then to promote VEGFA and PIK3R2 expression and activate the PI3K/AKT/MRP1 pathway.

LncRNA HOTAIR promotes cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer by targeting miR-126 to activate the PI3K/AKT/MRP1 genes

Chemokine signaling pathway；ErbB signaling pathway；Endometrial cancer； Renal cell carcinoma；HIF-1 signaling pathway；Phosphatidylinositol signaling system；mTOR signaling pathway；Aldosterone-regulated sodium reabsorption；Pancreatic cancer； Colorectal cancer；Insulin signaling pathway；Pathways in cancer；Small cell lung cancer；PI3K-Akt signaling pathway；Apoptosis；Bacterial invasion of epithelial cells；VEGF signaling pathway；Progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation；Prostate cancer；Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway；Epstein-Barr virus infection；Osteoclast differentiation；Focal adhesion；Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis；Regulation of actin cytoskeleton；Viral carcinogenesis；Glioma；HTLV-I infection；Leukocyte transendothelial migration；

Furthermore, HOTAIR was shown to directly bind to and inhibit miR-126 expression and then to promote VEGFA and PIK3R2 expression and activate the PI3K/AKT/MRP1 pathway.

LncRNA HOTAIR promotes cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer by targeting miR-126 to activate the PI3K/AKT/MRP1 genes

p53 signaling pathway；Inositol phosphate metabolism；Prostate cancer；Phosphatidylinositol signaling system；mTOR signaling pathway；PI3K-Akt signaling pathway；Focal adhesion；Tight junction；Hepatitis B；Pathways in cancer；Melanoma；Endometrial cancer；Glioma；Small cell lung cancer

The further molecular mechanisms of HOTAIR action in CH demonstrated that HOTAIR may act as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for miR-19, thereby modulating the dis-inhibition of its endogenous target PTEN and playing an important role in inhibiting CH progress.

HOTAIR functions as a competing endogenous RNA to regulate PTEN expression by inhibiting miR-19 in cardiac hypertrophy

Endocytosis

HOTAIR functioned as a ceRNA, and acted as a sink for microRNA (miR)?373, thereby regulating the expression of Rab22a.

LncRNA HOTAIR controls the expression of Rab22a by sponging miR-373 in ovarian cancer

Mechanistic investigations revealed that HOTAIR might act as an endogenous 'sponge' of miR-141, thereby regulating the derepression of SKA2.

Epigenetic modification of miR-141 regulates SKA2 by an endogenous 'sponge' HOTAIR in glioma

Hippo signaling pathway；Adherens junction

Mechanistic investigations revealed lncRNA-HOTAIR promotes the EMT by acting as a miR-148a sponge to positively regulate Snail2 expression.

Long non-coding RNA HOTAIR functions as miRNA sponge to promote the epithelial to mesenchymal transition in esophageal cancer.

Hippo signaling pathway

Moreover, full-length HOTAIR transcriptionally inhibits miR-34a specifically, leading to upregulation of Sox2, which is targeted by miR-34a.

Long Non-Coding RNA HOTAIR Regulates the Proliferation, Self-Renewal Capacity, Tumor Formation and Migration of the Cancer Stem-Like Cell (CSC) Subpopulation Enriched from Breast Cancer Cells

TGF-beta signaling pathway； Estrogen signaling pathway；Huntington's disease；Transcriptional misregulation in cancer

Furthermore, we show that the long noncoding RNA HOTAIR repression reverses chemoresistance of LAD cells partially through modulation of miR-326/SP1 pathway.

miR-326 reverses chemoresistance in human lung adenocarcinoma cells by targeting specificity protein 1

MAPK signaling pathway；HTLV-I infection；Viral carcinogenesis

In addition, miR-101-3p could directly target and suppress the expression of the serum response factor (SRF) gene, which is a transcription factor of HOTAIR, a well-characterized tumor promoter lncRNA. miR-101-3p negatively regulated SRF-mediated transcription of HOTAIR.

MiR-101-3p Suppresses HOX Transcript Antisense RNA (HOTAIR)-induced Proliferation and Invasion Through Directly Targeting SRF in Gastric Carcinoma Cells

MAPK signaling pathway；HTLV-I infection；Viral carcinogenesis

In addition, miR-101-3p could directly target and suppress the expression of the serum response factor (SRF) gene, which is a transcription factor of HOTAIR, a well-characterized tumor promoter lncRNA.

MiR-101-3p Suppresses HOX Transcript Antisense RNA (HOTAIR)-induced Proliferation and Invasion Through Directly Targeting SRF in Gastric Carcinoma Cells

Hepatitis B；Chemokine signaling pathway；HIF-1 signaling pathway；Jak-STAT signaling pathway；Adipocytokine signaling pathway； Toxoplasmosis；Proteoglycans in cancer；Hepatitis C； Measles；Epstein-Barr virus infection；Pathways in cancer；Acute myeloid leukemia；Pancreatic cancer；Viral carcinogenesis

Further analysis revealed that STAT3 and ATG12 are targets of miR-454-3p, initiate HOTAIR deficiency-induced apoptosis and reduce autophagy.

Knockdown of long non-coding RNA HOTAIR increases miR-454-3p by targeting Stat3 and Atg12 to inhibit chondrosarcoma growth

HIF-1 signaling pathway；Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction；mTOR signaling pathway；PI3K-Akt signaling pathway； VEGF signaling pathway；Focal adhesion； Pathways in cancer；Proteoglycans in cancer；Renal cell carcinoma；Pancreatic cancer；Bladder cancer；Rheumatoid arthritis

Furthermore, HOTAIR was shown to directly bind to and inhibit miR-126 expression and then to promote VEGFA and PIK3R2 expression and activate the PI3K/AKT/MRP1 pathway.

LncRNA HOTAIR promotes cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer by targeting miR-126 to activate the PI3K/AKT/MRP1 genes

mTOR signaling pathway；Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction；HIF-1 signaling pathway；PI3K-Akt signaling pathway；VEGF signaling pathway；Focal adhesion；Pathways in cancer；Proteoglycans in cancer；Renal cell carcinoma；Rheumatoid arthritis；Pancreatic cancer；Bladder cancer

Furthermore, HOTAIR was shown to directly bind to and inhibit miR-126 expression and then to promote VEGFA and PIK3R2 expression and activate the PI3K/AKT/MRP1 pathway.

LncRNA HOTAIR promotes cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer by targeting miR-126 to activate the PI3K/AKT/MRP1 genes